A plume of smoke rose over central Kabul shortly after midnight on Wednesday and sirens could be heard.

Inside the embassy, employees heard this message over the loudspeaker: saying an explosion had gone off.

"An explosion caused by a rocket has occurred on compound," it said.

Officials at the compound declared all-clear about an hour later and reported no injuries.

There was no immediate comment from Afghan officials, but the NATO mission, which is nearby, said no personnel had been injured.

It was the first major attack in the Afghan capital since President Donald Trump abruptly called off US-Taliban talks over the weekend, on the brink of an apparent deal to end America's longest war.

Two Taliban car bombs shook Kabul last week, killing several civilians and two members of the NATO mission.

Trump has cited the death of a US service member in one of those blasts as the reason why he now calls the US-Taliban talks "dead".

The September 11 anniversary is a sensitive day in Afghanistan's capital and one on which attacks have occurred.

A US-led invasion of Afghanistan shortly after the 2001 attack toppled the Taliban, who had harboured al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden, who masterminded the attacks.

In the nearly 18 years of fighting since then, the number of US troops in Afghanistan soared to 100,000 and dropped dramatically after bin Laden was killed in neighbouring Pakistan in 2011.

Australian Associated Press