Moving to the other side of the world for anaphylaxis treatment may sound extreme, but for Jessica Higgins-Anau's daughter, it was the only option.
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Ms Higgins-Anau and Vivianna, 5, moved to California from Canberra in 2018 for 18 months for Vivianna to undergo a tolerance induction program, helping to lessen the effects of severe allergies and anaphylaxis.
The treatment involves desensitising the body to the allergen using small amounts before increasing the dosage over a period of time.
Vivianna, who is severely allergic to almost 20 different allergens such as peanuts and tree nuts, was one when she had her first anaphylactic incident.
Her mother said the program was at times challenging, but as it neared its end, she said Vivianna could now eat some former allergens like hazelnuts and almonds without any restrictions or reactions, along with tiny amounts of peanuts.
"She's eating a huge amount of food that's she's never been able to eat before," Ms Higgins-Anau said.
"It saves lives and that's the main thing. Children have died from anaphylaxis."
Despite nearly 4 million Australians having some form of allergy or anaphylaxis, the type of treatment Vivianna faced to help lessen her symptoms is not available in Australia outside of a clinical trial setting.
Ms Higgins-Anau said it would've been preferable to receive the treatment in Australia should it be available.
She said while it would've been easier to have the treatment in Australia, the trials only focused on the one allergy and it wasn't known if Vivianna would receive the treatment or just be given placebos.
"Accessibility is important not just for us, but for everyone," she said.
It isn't just the Canberra mother wanting more treatment options available in Australia.
A recent federal government report into allergies and anaphylaxis recommended additional funding be made into anaphylaxis research, including food allergy treatments such as tolerance induction programs or oral immunotherapy.
The report also recommended a national standardised approach to allergy management.
Currently, a notification scheme for cases of anaphylaxis in hospitals is only available in Victoria.
Chief executive of Allergy and Anaphylaxis Australia, Maria Said, hoped the increased attention on research would lead to a greater understanding of allergies.
Accessibility is important not just for us, but for everyone.
- Jessica Higgins-Anau
"My hope is that we have a range of treatments in the not-too-distant future in Australia, so that those who do choose to do treatment like oral immunotherapy can continue it," she said.
"I'm very pleased that the parliamentary inquiry has seen that we don't know all there is to know about treatments such as oral immunotherapy at this point in time."
The chair of the parliamentary inquiry, Liberal MP Trent Zimmerman, said while such treatments weren't a silver bullet, he wanted to see more people have the option available.
"We want to see access to treatments improve, and this is initially done through greater access to trials," he said.
"There is considerable evidence for enormous benefit for some people participating."
While reporting of anaphylaxis incidents is carried out by state or territory-based health organisations, Mr Zimmerman said the inquiry showed there was a strong case for the federal government to take the lead in encouraging better notification of severe allergy rates.
Ms Higgins-Anau said Vivianna had almost finished her treatment, which required one more visit to the US for testing.
She was still waiting for government approval to fly to California due to coronavirus but said the treatment could not be done remotely.
Regardless, she said it had helped Vivianna's quality of life enormously.
"As she's coming to the end of the treatment, she's excited for the opportunity to be able to live in the way that other kids do," she said.