Police have laid six sexual assault charges at the Australian National University since 2015 - including four at a single residential college.
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One offence was recorded at the ANU campus, one at John XXIII College and four at Burton and Garran Hall. The latter residence hit national headlines earlier this year after banning the song Eagle Rock to stop men encircling women and dropping their pants whenever it played.
Australian Federal Police records also show three sexual assault charges were laid at the Australian Defence Force Academy between July 1, 2015 and July 31, 2017.
End Rape on Campus Australia ambassador Nina Funnell said the new figures, released under freedom of information laws, were "just the tip of the iceberg".
An Australian Human Rights Commission survey released this year found 116 ANU students were sexually assaulted in 2016, including 52 on campus. About five students reported being sexually assaulted at the University of Canberra.
"The overwhelming majority of victims who experience sexual assault will never report to police or to their university or to any other authority body," Ms Funnell said.
"There are very, very few incentives for victims to actually go through the process."
ANU pro vice-chancellor (university experience) Richard Baker said the university strongly encouraged students to report "serious incidents" to ACT Policing but said there was no requirement that students notified the institution.
The outcome of any police investigation or prosecution was a matter for police, he said.
ANU's own records show 55 incidents of "unwelcome sexual attention" were reported to the university last year.
"The university acknowledges those are only the incidents reported to us," Professor Baker said.
"The university strongly encourages students to come forward, and offers support for anyone who reports an incident."
Defence confirmed it was aware of three alleged offences of sexual assault before the courts between July 2015 and July 2017.
"Defence takes all allegations of inappropriate or potentially criminal behaviour very seriously," a spokesman said.
"State/territory police have primary responsibility for investigating reported criminal allegations.
"In accordance with Defence policy, where an allegation of sexual assault is reported to ADFA, it is immediately reported to [Australian Defence Force Investigative Service], which will record that notification and, if required, refer the matter to the appropriate authorities."
Institutions' response to sexual assaults has been under scrutiny following the publication of the commission's national survey examining on-campus sexual assault.
Universities have since scrambled to address cultural issues. The ANU and UC require students living in student accommodation to complete Consent Matters, an online module, and both have strengthened partnerships with the Canberra Rape Crisis Centre.
ANU commissioned consulting firm Rapid Context to review its sexual assault policies and procedures and UC engaged former Australian Sex Discrimination Commissioner Elizabeth Broderick to examine the university's culture.
The police records showed the AFP received reports of four sexual assaults at ADFA, two at Burton and Garran, one at John XXIII, two at the ANU and one at the University of Canberra over the past two years.
Ms Funnell said universities had a responsibility to address any form of assault reported among students.
"Under their own codes of conduct they have an obligation to keep the student population safe and if they're aware of a sexual assault or allegations of sexual assault occurring on campus they do actually have an obligation to act but they rarely do," she said.
If you or someone you know is impacted by sexual assault or family violence, call the Canberra Rape Crisis Centre on 02 6247 2525. Nationally, call 1800RESPECT on 1800 737 732. In an emergency contact 000.
